QUOTE(dogbiscuit @ Thu 16th October 2008, 5:15am)
One of my pet hates on the news is "scientists think that" which has the unwritten assumption that scientists are superior beings of infallibility. As was shown with MMR, an overly deferential approach to "the scientist" leads into all sorts of messes. Last time I looked, scientists were people - and on that basis they shouldn't really command that much respect
To be fair, it is not that as much that scientists are thought of as less fallible, so much as the fact their SUBJECT is thought to be less fallable, due to its conclusions (of various degrees of certainty) being checkable. All good science theories predict the future and are thus (by definition) testable. Even archeological theories about the past and astronomical theories about things you can't change, predict the the nature of future artifact finds, or the results of future observations that have yet to be done. If they don't, consistantly and with corroboration by many groups, the theories go out the window. And for physical theories about simple phenomena which can be checked at any time, anywhere, by nearly anyone, that applies doubly.
By contrast, there's no way to check or compare various religous outlooks and theories. Ergo, they're NOT EVEN WRONG. And they're certainly nothing like natural science. So they get less respect, and sometimes, so do the people working on them. When religion A argues with religion B about how many gods there are, are we really supposed to think this is as worth of respect as an argument over the mass of the hydrogen atom?
Historical research, if done vary carefully, begins to look something like the natural sciences, as a good historical narrative demands that further documents, which have yet to be discovered, will be found to support the narrative, or at least modify it in a non-important way, and certainly not contradict it. If you think General A. did such and such during the civil war, and you come across the diary of his adjutant which says something completely different about what he was thinking and doing, then your theory is sunk. On the other hand, if your theory is so nebulous that it can easily accomodate ANY future evidence that comes up from good sources, then IT'S NOT EVEN WRONG. It's more of a religious or philosophical view. In that case, you're welcome to it, but please don't compare it to the conservation of momentum.
As I understand it, charges of "scientism" are when people in the nonsciences charge scientists of trying to make EVERY field of academic study into something rigorous, which is capable of being tested and proven or disproven by future evidence. And which is unworthy of respect, if not. I have some sympathy for this! But I have to admit that there are many areas of traditional philosophy, such as aesthetics or ethics or theology, where this approach isn't likely to work in toto, and perhaps not even in part. None of which makes these unworthy subjects-- it's just that the mode of discourse must change when talking about them. For example, we may see a lot of deductive logic used in ethical debates, if we can agree on premises and proper metaphors (as for example the checkuser discussion here recently). Thus, it's worthwhile, like doing ordinary mathematics, or settling court cases with legalistic arguments about law and case law-- but it's not inductive, and it's not natural science. So, if I recognize this, perhaps I can escape the label of scientism myself.
Applications of all these things to Wikipedia are left as exercise for the student. WP:LAEFS.